Journal of Happiness and Health
  • Register
  • Login

Journal of Happiness and Health

  • Home
  • Journal Info
    • Journal Description
    • Aims & Scope
    • Editorial Team
    • Abstracting & Indexing
    • Publication Policy
    • Open Access Policy
    • Review Guidelines
    • Journal Sponsorship
  • Issues
    • Current
    • Archives
  • Author Guidelines
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Peer Review Process
    • Publication Ethics
    • Copyright Information
    • Privacy Statement
  • Journal Updates
  • Submit Manuscript
  • Contact
Advanced Search
  1. Home
  2. Archives
  3. Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023)
  4. Research Articles

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023)

April 2023

Examining staff and faculty work–life balance and well-being using the dual continua model of mental health during COVID-19

  • Lauren Kirby
  • Staci M. Zolkoski
  • Kyle O'Brien
  • Joseph Mathew
  • Bridget R. Kennedy
  • Sarah M. Sass

Journal of Happiness and Health, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023), 10 April 2023 , Page 34-48
https://doi.org/10.47602/johah.v3i1.31 Published: 17-11-2022

  • View Article
  • Download
  • Cite
  • References
  • Statastics
  • Share

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic created work–life balance, mental health, and well-being challenges for higher education employees, both initially and years later. We investigated staff and faculty self-reported work–life balance and quality of life using the dual continua model of mental health at a medium-size university for 9 months during August 2021 to April 2022. The dual continua model of mental health states that high levels of well-being and psychological distress can co-occur, while a unidimensional model of mental health positions well-being and psychological distress on opposite ends of a unipolar continuum. The dual continua model overlaps with and is broader than the unidimensional model. Based on 299 responses, four groups of staff and faculty (high and low anxiety crossed with high and low life satisfaction) were formed. Consistent with the dual continua and inconsistent with the unidimensional model of mental health, high life satisfaction, regardless of anxiety level, was associated with higher levels of quality of life and work–life balance. Consistent with both the unidimensional and dual continua models, within faculty and staff reporting lower levels of life satisfaction, higher levels of anxiety were associated with lower quality of life and work-life balance. In addition, within the high or low anxious groups, higher life satisfaction was associated with lower levels of depression. Present data represent the only study that builds on previous literature in examining well-being and psychological distress using a dual continua model in staff and faculty at a mid-size university. Overall, present results suggest the dual continua model of mental health better characterizes the relationship of well-being and psychological distress in staff and faculty in a higher education setting than a unidimensional model

Keywords:
  • Dual continua model, mental health
  • work–life balance
  • stress
  • higher education
  • PDF

How to Cite

Kirby, L., Zolkoski, S., O’Brien, K., Mathew, J., Kennedy, B., & Sass, S. (2022). Examining staff and faculty work–life balance and well-being using the dual continua model of mental health during COVID-19. Journal of Happiness and Health, 3(1), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.47602/johah.v3i1.31
  • ACM
  • ACS
  • APA
  • ABNT
  • Chicago
  • Harvard
  • IEEE
  • MLA
  • Turabian
  • Vancouver
  • Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  • BibTeX

References

Adler, M. G., & Fagley, N. S. (2005). Appreciation: Individual differences in finding value and meaning as a unique predictor of subjective well-being. Journal of Personality, 73(1), 79–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00305.x

Anderson, K. L. (1995). The effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on quality of life. Research in Nursing & Health, 18(6), 547–556. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770180610

Anwer, C. (2020). Academic labor and the global pandemic: Revisiting life-work balance under COVID-19. Susan Bulkeley Butler Center for Leadership Excellence and ADVANCE Working Paper Series, 31(1), 5–13. http://www.purdue.edu/butler/documents/WPS-Special-Issue-Higher-Education-and-COVID-19---2020-Volume-3-Issue-2.pdf#page=8

Archenholtz, B., Burckhardt, C., & Segesten, K. (1999). Quality of life of women with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis: Domains of importance and dissatisfaction. Quality of Life Research, 8(5), 411-416. PMID: 8350334

Arslan, G. (2018). Exploring the association between school belonging and emotional health among adolescents. International Journal of Educational Psychology,7(1),21-41. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2018.3117

Arslan, G., & Allen, K. A. (2022). Complete mental health in elementary school children: Understanding youth school functioning and adjustment. Current Psychology, 41(3), 1174-1184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00628-0

Badawy, P., & Schieman, S. (2020). Control and the health effects of work–family conflict: A longitudinal test of generalized versus specific stress buffering. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 61(3), 324–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146520942897

Berheide, C. W., Watanabe, M., Falci, C., Borland, E., Bates, D. C., & Anderson-Hanley, C. (2020). Gender, type of higher education institution, and faculty work–life integration in the United States. Community, Work & Family. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2020.1776220

Brough, P., Dollard, M. F., & Tuckey, M. R. (2014a). Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific: Final thoughts and future research directions. In M. F. Dollard, A. Shimazu, R. Bin Nordin, P. Brough, & M. R. Tuckey (Eds.), Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 389–396). Springer Science + Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8975-2_21

Brough, P., Hassan, Z., & O’Driscoll, M. (2014b). Work–life enrichment. In M. F. Dollard, A. Shimazu, R. Bin Nordin, P. Brough, & M. R. Tuckey (Eds.), Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 323–336). Springer Science + Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8975-2_17

Brough, P., O’Driscoll, M., & Kalliath, T. (2005). Evaluating the criterion validity of the Cybernetic Coping Scale: Cross-lagged predictions of psychological strain, job and family satisfaction. Work & Stress, 19(3), 276–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370500287507

Brough, P., O’Driscoll, M. P., & Biggs, A. (2009). Parental leave and work‐family balance among employed parents following childbirth: An exploratory investigation in Australia and New Zealand. Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 4(1), 71–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2009.9522445

Brough, P., O’Driscoll, M. P., & Kalliath, T. J. (2007). Work–family conflict and facilitation: Achieving work–family balance. In A. I. Glendon, B. M. Thompson, & B. Myors (Eds.), Advances in Organisational Psychology (pp. 73–92). Australian Academic Press.

Brough, P., Timms, C., & Bauld, R. (2009). Measuring work–life balance: Validation of a new measure across five Anglo and Asian samples. In Proceedings of the 8th Australian Psychological Society Industrial & Organizational Conference (pp. 1-21).

Brough, P., Timms, C., O’Driscoll, M. P., Kalliath, T., Siu, O.-L., Sit, C., & Lo, D. (2014). Work–life balance: A longitudinal evaluation of a new measure across Australia and New Zealand workers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(19), 2724–2744. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.899262

Burckhardt, C. S., & Anderson, K. L. (2003). The Quality of Life Scale (QOLS): Reliability, validity, and utilization. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-1-60

Burckhardt, C. S. (1989). Instructions for scoring the quality of life scale. Retrieved from http://www.contentedits.com/img.asp?id=13179

Burckhardt, C. S., Woods, S. L., Schultz, A. A., & Ziebarth, D. M. (1989). Quality of life of adults with chronic illness: A psychometric study. Research in Nursing & Health, 12(6), 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770120604

Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Wayne, J. H., & Grzywacz, J. G. (2006). Measuring the positive side of the work–family interface: Development and validation of a work–family enrichment scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(1), 131–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.02.002

Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249–276. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1999.1713

Carrà, E. (2020). The modi vivendi of families with children: Well-being between child-rearing and work. Community, Work & Family, 23(4), 474–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2019.1615866

Carver, K., Ismail, H., Reed, C., Hayes, J., Alsaif, H., Villanueva, M., & Sass, S. M. (2021). High levels of anxiety and psychological well-being in college students: A dual factor model of mental health approach. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5(1), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.47602/jpsp.v5i1.24

Cazan, A.-M., Truţă, C., & Pavalache-Ilie, M. (2019). The work–life conflict and satisfaction with life: Correlates and the mediating role of the work–family conflict. Romanian Journal of Applied Psychology, 21(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.24913/rjap.21.1.02

Chan, X. W., Kalliath, T., Brough, P., Siu, O.-L., O’Driscoll, M. P., & Timms, C. (2016). Work–family enrichment and satisfaction: The mediating role of self-efficacy and work–life balance. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(15), 1755–1776. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1075574

Coiro, M. J., Watson, K. H., Ciriegio, A., Jones, M., Wolfson, A. R., Reisman, J., & Compas, B. E. (2021). Coping with COVID-19 stress: Associations with depression and anxiety in a diverse sample of US adults. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02444-6

Comer, D. R., & Stites-Doe, S. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of faculty women’s academic–parental role balancing. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 27, 495–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-006-9021-z

DeAngelis, T. (2021, November). Depression and anxiety escalate during COVID. Monitor on Psychology, 52(8). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2021/11/numbers-depression-anxiety

Delaney, R. K., Locke, A., Pershing, M. L., Geist, C., Clouse, E., Debbink, M. P., Haaland, B., Tanner, A., Anzai, Y., & Fagerlin, A. (2021). Experiences of a health system’s faculty, staff, and trainees’ career development, work culture, and childcare needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Network Open, 4(4), Article e213997. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3997

Devi, A. C., & Rani, S. S. (2012). Personality and work–life balance. Journal of Contemporary Research in Management, 7(3), 391-406. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630903900402

Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

Diener, E., & Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective well-being: A general overview. South African Journal of Psychology, 39(4). https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC98561

Dodge, R., Daly, A. P., Huyton, J., & Sanders, L. D. (2012). The challenge of defining well-being. International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(3), 222-235. https://doi.org//10.5502/ijw.v2i3.4

Eklund, K., Dowdy, E., Jones, C., & Furlong, M. (2010). Applicability of the dual-factor model of mental health to college students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 25(1), 79-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2011.532677

Ferguson, M., Carlson, D., Zivnuska, S., & Whitten, D. (2012). Support at work and home: The path to satisfaction through balance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.001

Flanagan, J. C. (1978). A research approach to improving our quality of life. American Psychologist, 33(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.33.2.138

Fontinha, R., Easton, S., & Van Laar, D. (2019). Overtime and quality of working life in academics and nonacademics: The role of perceived work–life balance. International Journal of Stress Management, 26(2), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000067

Fox, K. E., & Anderson, N. J. (2020). Experiences of life in a pandemic: A university community coping with coronavirus. Susan Bulkeley Butler Center for Leadership Excellence and ADVANCE Working Paper Series, 3(1), 14–28. http://www.purdue.edu/butler/documents/WPS-Special-Issue-Higher-Education-and-COVID-19---2020-Volume-3-Issue-2.pdf#page=8

Foy, T. (2016). Managing workplace stress for increased performance in an Irish higher education institution. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section A. Humanities and Social Sciences, 77(3-A(E)).

Franken, A., Lamers, S. M. A., Ten Klooster, P. M., Bohnmeijer, E. T., & Westerhof, G. J. (2018). Validation of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form and the dual continua model of well-being and psychopathology in an adult mental health setting. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(2), 2187-2202. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22659

Friðriksdóttir, N., Sævarsdóttir, Þ., Halfdanardottir, S. I., Jonsdottir, A., Magnúsdóttir, H., Olafsdottir, K. L., Guðmundsdóttir, G., & Gunnarsdóttir, S. (2011). Family members of cancer patients: needs, quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Acta Oncologica, 50(2), 252-258. https://doi.org/10.3109/0284186X.2010.529821

Goode, W. J. (1960). A theory of role strain. American Sociological Review, 25, 483–496. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092933

Greenspoon, P. J., & Saklofske, D. H. (2001). Toward and integration of subjective well-being and psychopathology. Social Indicators Research, 54, 81-108. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007219227883

Haar, J. M., Sune, A., Russo, M., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2019). A cross-national study on the antecedents of work–life balance from the fit and balance perspective. Social Indicators Research, 142(1), 261–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1875-6

Herman, K. M., & Larouche, R. (2021). Active commuting to work or school: Associations with subjective well-being and work–life balance. Journal of Transport & Health, 22, Article 101118. https://doi.org/10/1016/j.jth.2021.101118

Hill, E. J., Hawkins, A. J., Ferris, M., & Weitzman, M. (2001). Finding an extra day a week: The positive influence of perceived job flexibility on work and family life balance. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 50(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2001.00049.x

Hogan, V., Hogan, M., Hodgins, M., Kinman, G., & Bunting, B. P. (2015). An examination of gender differences in the impact of individual and organizational factors on work hours, work–life conflict, and psychological strain in academics The Irish Journal of Psychology, 35(2-3), 133-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/03033910.2015.1011193

Hu, X., & Subramony, M. (2022). Disruptive pandemic effects on telecommuters: A longitudinal study of work–family balance and well‐being during covid‐19. Applied Psychology: An International Review. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12387

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287

Kalliath, T., & Brough, P. (2008). Achieving work–life balance. Journal of Management and Organization, 14(3), 224–226. https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.837.14.3.224

Kanter, R. M. (1977). Work and family in the United States: A critical review and agenda for research and policy. Family Business Review, 2(1), 77–144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1989.00077.x

Keyes, C. L. M. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of mental health. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 539-548. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.3.539

Keyes, C. L. M. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62(2), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.95

Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work–life initiatives: Greed or benevolence regarding workers’ time? In C. L. Cooper & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organizational behavior: Vol. 7. Time in organizational behavior (pp. 79–93). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W., Monohan, P. O., & Löwe, B. (2007). Anxiety disorders in primary care: Prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(14), 317–325. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2003). The Patient Health Questionnaire–2: Validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical Care, 41(11), 1284-1292. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3768417

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2009). An ultra-brief screening scale for anxiety and depression: the PHQ–4. Psychosomatics, 50(6), 613-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(09)70864-3

Li, L. Z., & Wang, S. (2022). Do work–family initiatives improve employee mental health? Longitudinal evidence from a nationally representative cohort. Journal of Affective Disorders, 297, 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.112

Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U

Malik, M. I., Zaheer, A., Khan, M. A., & Ahmed, M. (2010). Developing and testing a model of burnout at work and turnover intensions among doctors in Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(10), 234-247. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3ce7/6b8ca50bf7f50db29e913760f683aebbca9a.pdf

Marken, S., & Agrawal, S. (2022). Gallup Panel Workforce Study [Data set]. Gallup. https://news.gallup.com/poll/393500/workers-highest-burnout-rate.aspx

Misra, J., Lundquist, J. H., & Templer, A. (2012). Gender, work time, and care responsibilities among faculty 1. In Sociological Forum, 27(2), 300-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1573-7861.2012.01319.x

Mushtaq, H., Singh, S., Mir, M., Tekin, A., Singh, R., Lundeen, J., VanDevender, K., Dutt, T., Khan, S A., Surani, S., & Kashyap, R. (2022). The well-being of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review. Cureus, 14(5), e25065. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25065

Neto, M., Chambel, M. J., & Carvalho, V. S. (2018). Work–family life conflict and mental well-being. Occupational Medicine, 68(6), 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy079

Neumann, L., & Buskila, D. (1997). Measuring the quality of life of women with fibromyalgia: A Hebrew version of the quality of life scale. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain, 5(1), 5-16.

New York Times. (2022, November 9). Tracking Coronavirus in Texas: Latest Map and Case Count. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/texas-covid-cases.html

Ngamaba, K. H., Kandala, N.-B., Ilenda, F. B., & Mupolo, P. K. (2022). Are men’s happiness and life satisfaction linked to why men die earlier than women? A panel study from 1981 to 2020 in 102 countries. Journal of Happiness and Health, 3(1), 14–33. https://doi.org/10.47602/johah.v3i1.33

Noda, H. (2020). Work–life balance and life satisfaction in oecd countries: A cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well-Being, 21(4), 1325–1348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00131-9

Pasamar, S., Johnston, K., & Tanwar, J. (2020). Anticipation of work–life conflict in higher education. Employee Relations, 42(3), 777–797. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-06-2019-0237

Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5(2), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164

Reeves, J., Mascaro, L., Woodward, C. (2021, January 11). Capitol assault a more sinister attack than first appeared. AP News. https://apnews.com/article/us-capitol-attack-14c73ee280c256ab4ec193ac0f49ad54

Renshaw, T. L., & Cohen, A. S. (2014). Life satisfaction as a distinguishing indicator of college student functioning: Further validation of the two-continua model of mental health. Social Indicators Research, 117, 319-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-013-0342-7

Rode, J., Kennedy, E., & Littlejohn, A. (2022). Gender and the lived body experience of academic work during COVID-19. Learning, Media and Technology, 47(1), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2022.2031214

Rosa, R. (2022). The trouble with ‘work–life balance’ in neoliberal academia: A systematic and critical review. Journal of Gender Studies, 31(1), 55–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2021.1933926

Saeed, H., Eslami, A., Nassif, N. T., Simpson, A. M., & Lal, S. (2022). Anxiety linked to COVID-19: a systematic review comparing anxiety rates in different populations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2189. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042189

Shreffler, J., Petrey, J., & Huecker, M. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare worker wellness: A scoping review. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(5), 1059-1066. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.7.48684

Shukla, A., & Srivastava, R. (2016). Development of short questionnaire to measure an extended set of role expectation conflict, coworker support and work–life balance: The new job stress scale. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1134034

Smyth, C., Cortis, N., & Powell, A. (2020). University staff and flexible work: Inequalities, tensions and challenges. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 43(5), 489–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2020.1857504

Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80

Suldo, S. M., & Shaffer, E. J. (2008). Looking beyond psychopathology: The dual-factor model of mental health in youth. School Psychology Review, 37(1), 52-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.2008.12087908

Timms, C., & Brough, P. (2013). “I like being a teacher”: Career satisfaction, the work environment and work engagement. Journal of Educational Administration, 51(6), 768-789. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-06-2012-0072

ul Hasan, Z., Khan, M. I., Butt, T. H., Abid, G., & Rehman, S. (2020). The Balance between Work and Life for Subjective Well-Being: A Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040127

UT Tyler Office of Information Analysis. (2020–2021). UT Tyler Fact Book. https://www.uttyler.edu/information-analysis/files/2020-2021-factbook.pdf

Vahratian, A., Blumberg, S. J., Terlizzi, E. P., & Schiller, J. S. (2021). Symptoms of Anxiety or Depressive Disorder and Use of Mental Health Care Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, August 2020-February 2021. MMWR. Mortality Weekly Report, 70(13), 490–494. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7013e2

Valcour, M. (2007). Work–based resources as moderators of the relationship between work hours and satisfaction with work–family balance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1512–1523. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1512

Voydanoff, P. (2002). Linkages between the work–family interface and work, family, and individual outcomes: An integrative model. Journal of Family Issues, 23(1), 138–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X02023001007

Wahl, A., Burckhardt, C., Wiklund, I., & Hanestad, B. (1998). The Norwegian version of the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS-N). A validation and reliability study in patients suffering from psoriasis. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(4), 215-222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.1998.tb00500.x

Wayne, J. H., Musisca, N., & Fleeson, W. (2004). Considering the role of personality in the work–family experience: Relationships of the big five to work–family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64(1), 108–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(03)00035-6

Zábrodská, K., Mudrák, J., Šolcová, I., Květon, P., Blatný, M., & Machovcová, K. (2018). Burnout among university faculty: The central role of work–family conflict. Educational Psychology, 38(6), 800–819. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2017.1340590

  • Abstract Viewed: 728 times
  • PDF Downloaded: 448 times

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Download Statastics

  • Linkedin
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • Google Plus
  • Telegram

Information

  • For Readers
  • For Authors
  • For Librarians
Keywords
Most Downloaded (the last 90 days)
  • Examining staff and faculty work–life balance and well-being using the dual continua model of mental health during COVID-19
    356
  • School belongingness in academically at-risk adolescents: Addressing psychosocial functioning and psychological well-being
    325
  • Measuring Personal and Social Responsibility: An Existential Positive Psychology Approach
    201
  • Child Mental Health and Bullying within the Exposure to Domestic Violence: Literature Review
    186
  • Transforming stress to happiness: Positive couple therapy with distressed couples
    156
  • Home
  • Archives
  • Submissions
  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Team
  • Contact

Journal of Happiness and Health (JOHAH) is a peer-reviewed journal covering happiness and provides an international forum for the science of happiness and health. The JOHAH, which is published two times a year, is an open-access that publishes research outcomes with significant contributions to the understanding and improvement of happiness and health and publishes research regarding the happiness of populations across the life span

Journal of Happiness and Health is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.